Walmart in China

[Excerpt] What happens when the world\u27s largest corporation encounters the world\u27s biggest country? There are two areas of special interest — the impact of the Walmart supply chain, including the impact on the Chinese workers who manufacture Walmart products; and separately, Walmart\u27s retail business and its brand of management practices when imported across cultures into the Walmart supercenters inside China. In both respects, has Walmart succeeded in a Walmartization of China

'Where Lies this Power Divine?': The Representation of Kingship in Aphra Behn's Early Tragicomedies

This essay examines the representation of kingship in Behn's two early tragicomedies, The Young King and The Forc'd Marriage, arguing that they present astute interrogations of the doctrine of divine right monarchy which was peddled so zealously during the first decade of the Restoration

New literacies and future educational culture

The paper draws attention to three developments that are crucial to online education. First, the new literacy required by group discussion in writing, i.e. by computer‐mediated communication ('e‐talk') is discussed Educators are urged to delimit and structure their courses so that online conversations in writing are successfully framed for effective discourse. Second, new literacy arising from the merging of multimedia with text is considered It is maintained that this will enhance communication, not debase it. Third, the way that increasing ease of information retrieval is eroding boundaries between traditional disciplines is discussed It is argued that this may create new difficulties in education. The paper recommends various ways of overcoming the problems that arise from the three developments

Walmart Workers in China

Transcript of the comments given by Anita Chan on September 29, 2008 at a discussion on Walmart workers sponsored by the ILRF and the National Labor College. Ms. Chan is a scholar at the Australian National University

[Review of] Marcyliena Morgan , ed. Language and the Social Construction of Identity in Creole Situations

The result of a 1990 conference on The Social Significance of Creole Language Studies sponsored by Pomona and Pitzer of the Claremont Colleges and the University of California, Los Angeles, this stimulating collection of six papers enriches the field of pidgin and creole studies by exploring the manner in which language and language choice reflect and mediate the social landscape.

Effect of inspiratory pressure support on exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Title: Effect of inspiratory pressure support on exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Purpose: This study examined the effects of a non-invasive ventilator on submaximal and maximal exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Fourteen men (66.0 ± 7.4yr) and six women (59.0 ± 7.4yr) with a diagnosis of COPD, a forced expiratory volume! (FEVi) <40%, and the ability to tolerate 12 cmH20 of pressure on a non- invasive ventilator performed two maximal exercise tests on a cycle ergometer, with and without ventilatory assistance prior to exercise. Blood samples, respiratory metabolic measures, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were obtained throughout each exercise test. Results: Peak work rate (W), total exercise time, and respiratory rate were higher (p<0.05) when exercise was preceded by ventilatory support compared to no support. There was no difference in peak oxygen uptake (V02), carbon dioxide (VC02,), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), blood lactate or RPE between the two experimental conditions. A total of 12 subjects completed at least 5 stages of the exercise protocol, and their physiological response during exercise with NIV and without NIV were compared. RPE was significantly lower during the first 3 min in the NIV condition than the no NIV condition. Circulating levels of blood lactate were lower (p<0.01) during stage 3 in the NIV than the than no NIV condition. There was no difference in RR, VT, HR, %HR, VE, V 0 2and %V02 between the two experimental conditions during sub maximal exercise. Conclusions: Application of non-invasive ventilatory support prior to exercise improves maximal exercise performance, but has no effect on cardio-metabolic response during submaximal exercise in patients with COPD